To do what you want you need to create a folder level JavaScript to add a tool button as an Add-on Tool and execute the Scan menu item.
After creating and saving the script in the right folder and after closing and opening Acrobat, you can add this add-on tool to the Quick Tools Toolbar.
The folder level JavaScript can be as the following example for scan preset 1 (autodetect color mode):
app.addToolButton({
cName: "scanPreset1",
cExec: "myScan(1);", //1 for preset 1 and so on
cTooltext: "Autodetect Color Mode", //preset 1
cEnable: true,
nPos: 0,
cLabel: "Scan: Autodetect"
});
function myScan(p) {
app.beginPriv();
app.execMenuItem("ScanPreset" + p);
}
app.trustedFunction(myScan);
After saving the script above as a .js file in the appropriate folder, close Acrobat and open again and you should see a button under Add-on Tools panel at right, and you can add it to the Quick Tools Toolbar.

You can create a button for each of the 5 preset options you want to have at the Add-on Tools pane/Quick Tools Toolbar.
For more information on creating a folder level script, take a look at this tutorial:
http://acrobatusers.com/tutorials/folder_level_scripts