All these elements you want to change are part of the "normal" field properties. which are documented in the Acrobat SDK - specifically in the "JavaScript for Acrobat API Reference". Take a look at the field properties:
http://help.adobe.com/en_US/acrobat/acrobat_dc_sdk/2015/HTMLHelp/index.html#t=Acro12_MasterBook%2FJS_API_AcroJS%2FField_properties.htm
The border color is changed via the strokeColor poperty, the text color via textColor, read only via readonly and so on.
A checkbox has two values: "Off" for the unchecked state, and "Yes" is the default for the checked state, but you can change that via the field properties. Your snippet does not check/uncheck the box, it is using the comparison operator ('=='), so it was comparing it's current state with whatever you used.
To check a checkbox that was not modified (has it's original default export value), you can use this:
this.getField("CheckBox").value = "Yes";
To uncheck the box, use this:
this.getField("CheckBox").value = "Off";
Karl Heinz Kremer
PDF Acrobatics Without a Net
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